$ mysql -uroot  --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf -p
mysql: [ERROR] unknown variable 'defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf'

mysql&gt help

For information about MySQL products and services, visit:
   http://www.mysql.com/
For developer information, including the MySQL Reference Manual, visit:
   http://dev.mysql.com/
To buy MySQL Enterprise support, training, or other products, visit:
   https://shop.mysql.com/

List of all MySQL commands:
Note that all text commands must be first on line and end with ';'
?         (\?) Synonym for `help'.
clear     (\c) Clear the current input statement.
connect   (\r) Reconnect to the server. Optional arguments are db and host.
delimiter (\d) Set statement delimiter.
edit      (\e) Edit command with $EDITOR.
ego       (\G) Send command to mysql server, display result vertically.
exit      (\q) Exit mysql. Same as quit.
go        (\g) Send command to mysql server.
help      (\h) Display this help.
nopager   (\n) Disable pager, print to stdout.
notee     (\t) Don't write into outfile.
pager     (\P) Set PAGER [to_pager]. Print the query results via PAGER.
print     (\p) Print current command.
prompt    (\R) Change your mysql prompt.
quit      (\q) Quit mysql.
rehash    (\#) Rebuild completion hash.
source    (\.) Execute an SQL script file. Takes a file name as an argument.
status    (\s) Get status information from the server.
system    (\!) Execute a system shell command.
tee       (\T) Set outfile [to_outfile]. Append everything into given outfile.
use       (\u) Use another database. Takes database name as argument.
charset   (\C) Switch to another charset. Might be needed for processing binlog with multi-byte charsets.
warnings  (\W) Show warnings after every statement.
nowarning (\w) Don't show warnings after every statement.
resetconnection(\x) Clean session context.

For server side help, type 'help contents'

mysql&gt pager less
PAGER set to 'less'

mysql&gt SELECT * FROM d1.t1;
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt pager grep 'two'
PAGER set to 'grep 'two''
mysql&gt SELECT * FROM d1.t1;
|    2 | two   |
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql&gt \R \D >
PROMPT set to '\D >'
Mon Jul 30 08:46:34 2018 >

mysql&gt status
--------------
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  Ver 8.0.11 for linux-glibc2.12 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

Connection id:		19
Current database:
Current user:		root@localhost
SSL:			Not in use
Current pager:		stdout
Using outfile:		''
Using delimiter:	;
Server version:		8.0.11 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version:	10
Connection:		Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset:	utf8mb4
Db     characterset:	utf8mb4
Client characterset:	utf8mb4
Conn.  characterset:	utf8mb4
UNIX socket:		/tmp/mysql.sock
Uptime:			5 days 13 hours 16 min 50 sec

Threads: 3  Questions: 103  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 177  Flush tables: 2  Open tables: 153  Queries per second avg: 0.000
--------------

mysql&gt source /home/mysql/sample.sql
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)

mysql&gt system echo "test"
test

$ mysql --histignore '*DELETE*:*INSERT*' -u root -p